Dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri,moto stepperbụ otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi e ji emepụta igwe mechatronics, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ sistemụ njikwa akpaaka. Site na mmepe nke microelectronics na teknụzụ kọmputa, ọchịchọ maka moto stepper na-amụba kwa ụbọchị, a na-ejikwa ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ngalaba akụ na ụba mba.
01 Gịnị bụ amoto stepper
Moto stepper bụ ngwaọrụ electromechanical nke na-agbanwe mkpali eletriki ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ mmegharị igwe. Site n'ịchịkwa usoro, ugboro na ọnụọgụ nke mkpali eletriki etinyere na coil moto ahụ, enwere ike ijikwa nkuku stepper moto ahụ, ọsọ na ntụgharị. Na-ejighị sistemụ njikwa nzaghachi mechiri emechi nwere mmetụta ọnọdụ, enwere ike nweta njikwa ọnọdụ na ọsọ ziri ezi site na iji sistemụ njikwa oghere dị mfe, dị ọnụ ala nke mejupụtara moto stepper na onye na-anya ya.
02 moto stepperusoro nhazi na ụkpụrụ ọrụ bụ isi
Nhazi bụ isi:
Ụkpụrụ ọrụ: onye ọkwọ ụgbọala stepper dịka akara njikwa mpụga na ntụziaka si dị, site na sekit mgbagha dị n'ime ya, na-achịkwa windings nke stepper moto na usoro oge ụfọdụ gaa n'ihu ma ọ bụ azụ azụ, ka moto ahụ wee gaa n'ihu / laghachi azụ, ma ọ bụ mechie.
Were moto stepper nke nwere usoro abụọ nke ogo 1.8 dịka ọmụmaatụ: mgbe windings abụọ ahụ na-enye ike ma na-akpali akpali, ogwe mmepụta moto ahụ ga-anọpụ iche ma kpọchie ya n'ọnọdụ ya. Oke ike kachasị nke ga-eme ka moto ahụ kpọchie na ike a na-enye bụ ike ijide. Ọ bụrụ na ebugharịa ọkụ eletrik dị n'otu n'ime windings ahụ, moto ahụ ga-atụgharị otu nzọụkwụ (ogo 1.8) n'ụzọ enyere.
N'otu aka ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ọkụ eletrik dị na winding ọzọ agbanwee ntụziaka, moto ahụ ga-atụgharị otu nzọụkwụ (ogo 1.8) n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke mbụ. Mgbe a na-atụgharị ọkụ eletrik ndị dị n'ime windings coil n'usoro gaa na mkpali, moto ahụ ga-atụgharị n'usoro na-aga n'ihu na ntụziaka enyere yana ezigbo izi ezi. Maka ogo 1.8 nke ntụgharị moto stepper nke usoro abụọ nke otu izu, ọ na-ewe nzọụkwụ 200.
Moto stepper nke nwere usoro abụọ nwere ụdị winding abụọ: bipolar na unipolar. Moto bipolar nwere naanị otu coil winding kwa usoro, moto na-aga n'ihu na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ugbu a n'otu coil ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpali n'usoro, nhazi nke sekit draịva chọrọ swiitị eletrọniki asatọ maka mgbanwe usoro.
Moto Unipolar nwere coils abụọ na-agbagharị agbagharị nke polarity dị iche na nke ọ bụla, moto ahụ nwekwara
na-agbagharị mgbe niile site n'itinye ike n'otu oge na-agbanwe agbanwe na coils abụọ ahụ n'otu oge.
Emebere sekit draịva ahụ ka ọ chọọ naanị swiitị eletrọniki anọ.
ọnọdụ mbanye, ike mmepụta nke moto ahụ na-abawanye site na ihe dịka 40% ma e jiri ya tụnyere
ụdị draịva otu polar n'ihi na eriri ndị na-agbagharị agbagharị nke usoro ọ bụla na-akpali akpali 100%.
03, Ibu moto Stepper
A. Ibu oge (Tf)
Tf = G * r
G: Ibu ibu
r: radius
B. Ibu Inertia (TJ)
TJ = J * dw/dt
J = M * (R12+R22) / 2 (Kg * cm)
M: Ibu ibu
R1: Mgbaaka mgbanaka mpụta
R2: Radius nke mgbanaka dị n'ime
dω/dt: Osooso akụkụ
04, usoro ọsọ-torque nke stepper moto
Usoro ọsọ-torque bụ ngosipụta dị mkpa nke njirimara mmepụta nke stepper
moto.
A. Ebe ọrụ ugboro ugboro nke moto Stepper
Uru ọsọ nke moto stepper n'otu ebe.
n = q * Hz / (360 * D)
n: rev/sek
Hz: Uru ugboro ole
D: Uru njikọ sekit draịva
q: nkuku nzọụkwụ moto stepper
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, moto stepper nwere akụkụ pitch nke 1.8°, nwere draịva interpolation 1/2(ya bụ, 0.9° kwa nzọụkwụ), nwere ọsọ nke 1.25 r/s na ugboro ọrụ nke 500 Hz.
B. Ebe mmalite onwe onye nke moto stepper
Ebe a na-agba ma kwụsị moto stepper ozugbo.
C. Ebe ọrụ na-aga n'ihu
N'ebe a, enweghị ike ịmalite ma ọ bụ kwụsị moto stepper ozugbo.Ebe a ga-ebu ụzọ gafee ebe mbido onwe ya wee mee ka ọ dị ngwa ngwa iji ruo ebe ahụ.ebe a na-arụ ọrụ. N'otu aka ahụ, enweghị ike ịgbaji moto stepper dị na mpaghara a ozugbo.ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ dị mfe ime ka moto stepper ghara ịga n'ihu, a ga-ebu ụzọ mee ka ọ ghara ịga n'ihu.ebe ahụ na-amalite onwe ya wee mee brek.
D. Oke mmalite kachasị nke moto stepper
Ọnọdụ enweghị ibu moto, iji hụ na moto stepper anaghị efunahụ ọrụ nzọụkwụ nkeugboro kachasị nke mkpali.
E. Oke ugboro ọrụ nke moto stepper
Oke ugboro mkpali nke moto ahụ ji enwe mkpali ịgba ọsọ na-efunahụ otu nzọụkwụn'okpuru ibu ọ bụla.
F. Mmalite ike / ike ndọda nke moto Stepper
Iji zute moto stepper n'otu ugboro pulse ụfọdụ ka ịmalite ma malite ịgba ọsọ, na-enweghịịlafu usoro nke oke ibu kachasị elu.
G. Moto Stepper na-agba ọsọ torque/draw-in torque
Oke ibu kachasị nke na-emeju ọrụ kwụsiri ike nke moto stepper naugboro ugboro obi na-enweghị mfu nke nzọụkwụ.
05 Njikwa mmegharị nke stepper moto osooso/mbelata
Mgbe usoro ọrụ nke stepper moto na-aga n'ihu na-egosi ugboro ole ọ na-arụ ọrụ na usoro ọsọ-torque nke na-aga n'ihumpaghara ọrụ, otu esi eme ka mmalite moto dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ kwụsị osooso ma ọ bụ mbelataoge, ka moto ahụ wee na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge n'ọnọdụ ọsọ kacha mma, si otú a na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo eluoge ọrụ dị irè nke moto ahụ dị oke mkpa.
Dịka egosiri na foto dị n'okpuru, usoro njirimara ike nke moto stepper bụahịrị kwụ ọtọ kwụ ọtọ na obere ọsọ; na ọsọ dị elu, usoro ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuun'ihi mmetụta nke inductance.
Anyị maara na ibu moto stepper bụ TL, ka anyị were ya na anyị chọrọ ịgba ọsọ site na F0 ruo F1 naoge kacha nta (tr), kedu ka esi agbakọ oge kacha nta tr?
(1) N'ozuzu, TJ = 70% Tm
(2) tr = 1.8 * 10 -5 * J * q * (F1-F0)/(TJ -TL)
(3) F (t) = (F1-F0) * t/tr + F0, 0
B. Ọsọ ọsọ nke exponential n'ọnọdụ ọsọ dị elu
(1) N'ozuzu,
TJ0 = 70%Tm0
TJ1 = 70%Tm1
TL = 60%Tm1
(2)
tr = F4 * Na [(TJ 0-TL)/(TJ 1-TL)]
(3)
F (t) = F2 * [1 - e^ (-t/F4)] + F0, 0
F2 = (TL-TJ 0) * (F1-F0)/TJ 1-TJ 0)
F4 = 1.8 * 10-5 * J * q * F2/ (TJ 0-TL)
Ihe ndị e dere.
J na-egosi ntụgharị nke rotor moto dị n'okpuru ibu.
q bụ akụkụ ntụgharị nke nzọụkwụ ọ bụla, nke bụ akụkụ nzọụkwụ nke moto stepper na
ikpe nke draịvụ dum.
N'ọrụ mbelata ọsọ, naanị tụgharịa ugboro mkpali ọsọ ọsọ dị n'elu nwere ike ịbụ
agbakọrọ.
06 Mkpọtụ na mkpọtụ nke stepper moto
N'ikwu ya n'ozuzu, moto stepper na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị ibu, mgbe ugboro ọrụ moto ahụọ dị nso ma ọ bụ hà nhata na ugboro ole nke rotor moto ahụ ga-ada ụda, ọ ga-eme ka ọ dị njọihe na-eme n'èzí nzọụkwụ.
Ọtụtụ ngwọta maka resonance:
A. Zere mpaghara ịma jijiji: ka ugboro ọrụ moto ahụ ghara ịdaba n'imeoke mkpọtụ ahụ
B. Nabata ụdị draịva nkewa: Jiri ụdị draịva nke obere-step iji belata ịma jijiji site na
kewaa otu nzọụkwụ mbụ ahụ n'ime ọtụtụ usoro iji mee ka mkpebi nke ọ bụla dịkwuo elu
Nzọụkwụ moto. Enwere ike ime nke a site na ịhazi usoro na oke ugbu a nke moto ahụ.
Microstepping anaghị eme ka nkuku nzọụkwụ dịkwuo mma, kama ọ na-eme ka moto ahụ na-agba ọsọ karịa
Ọ dị mfe ma dịkwa obere mkpọtụ. Ọkụ ike a na-adịkarị ala 15% maka ọrụ ọkara nzọụkwụ.
karịa maka ọrụ zuru oke, yana 30% dị ala maka njikwa ugbu a nke sine ebili mmiri.
Oge ozi: Nọvemba-09-2022